History

Tipu Sultan’s desire to change with the times was symbolized in the Introduction of a new calendar, a new system of coinage, and new scales of weights and measures. Tipu Sultan planted a ‘Tree of Liberty’ at Seringapatam and he became a member of a Jacobin club. His organizational capacity is borne out by the … Read more

Painting as an art form has flourished in India from very early times as is evident from the remains that have been discovered in the caves, and the literary sources. The history of art and painting in India begins with the pre-historic rock painting at Bhimbetka caves (M.P.) where we have drawings and paintings of … Read more

Chief features of Chola architecture are: (i) Dravidian feature initiated by the Pallavas acquired the classical forms and features under the Cholas such as gopurams, mandapams and  Vimanas. (ii) In the beginning, gopuram features was subdued and vimana features dominated but in the later stages, gopurams overshadowed the Vimanas. (iii) In the beginning, Vimanas were … Read more

The term Renaissance means rebirth. The period of Renaissance began from 14th century and lasted till 17th century. It began first in Italy because Trade had brought maximum prosperity to the Italian cities. It began as a movement to revisit the old scriptures and learn about ancient Greece and Rome. But soon it turned into … Read more

Features are as follows: Sculptures have an ordered appearance with little effect of crowding. They are depicted in three-dimensional forms. Delicate ornamentations. Back slabs of the sculptures are detailed. Nalanda bronzes: dating from 7th and 8th centuries to the 12th century; outnumber the metal images from entire eastern India. Initially depict Mahayana Buddhist deities like … Read more

Anasuya Sarabhai was born in 1885 into a business family of Ahmedabad. She pioneered women’ labor movement in India. She founded the Ahmedabad Textile Labour Association (Majoor Mahajan Sangh), India’s oldest union of textile workers, in 1920. In 1912 she went to London for higher studies where she got influenced by Fabian society and suffragette … Read more

. Napoleon’s fetish for power led him to zenith and then to his doom. He made some terrible  blunders like – Continental policy, invasion on Russia, attack on Spanish sovereignty and so on.  The very economic system he was supposed to boost was badly damaged by wars. His European Wars hit the already developing France … Read more

There were certain basic constraints before the congress ministries could undertake a complete overhaul of the agrarian structure by completely abolishing zamindari.  These constraints were:   The ministries did not have adequate powers. There were inadequate financial resources as a lion’s share was appropriated by the Government of India. Strategy of class adjustments was another … Read more

The glory of the Pallavas still remains in their contribution to the art and architecture. They were the pioneers of South Indian art and architecture. They had introduced the stone architecture in the Tamil country. Their contributions are still extant because granite was used for building temples and carving sculptures. The Pallava architecture had evolved … Read more

Religious reform began among the Parsis in Mumbai in the middle of the 19th century. In 1851, the Rehnumai Maz’dayasan Sabha or Religious Reform Association was founded by Nauroji Furdonji, Dadabhai Naoroji, S.S. Bengalee and others. They started a journal Rast Goftar, for the purpose of social-religious reforms among the Parsis. They also played an … Read more