History

Early Nationalists neither desired complete independence nor adopted any aggressive attitude against the foreign government. They relied on petition, prayer, and moderate criticism of government policies as their methods. They had faith in the British idea of justice. They believed that just by drawing attention of the government towards a particular problem e.g. lack of … Read more

Industrial revolution changed the entire economy of British. Though it was majorly an economic phenomenon, it greatly affected the social and political life of the countries it was prevalent in. The impact of IR can be categorised as follows: Social:   Migration of people to industrial towns. These towns converted into cities. Excessive migration led … Read more

The enlightenment or the age of reason was a movement that began in 1600s with ideas proposed by thinkers like hobbe and Locke on the form of government and the rights of the people. It reached its height in Mid 1700s. It was the driving force behind the movements for democracy and played an important … Read more

Q. Australia Group Ans 26:      It is multilateral export control regime (MECR) and informal group that works to counter spread of materials, equipment and technologies that could contribute to development or acquisition of chemical and biological weapons by state or terrorist groups through harmonisation of state controls. It was established in 1985. It has now … Read more

Italy was a rich country. Italian businessmen became so influential that it didn’t care of feudal lords and pope.  Growth of Business in Italy necessitated new trend in education which laid emphasis on vocational and geographical knowledge. Italy was birth place of Roman civilisation. People were obsessed with thoughts of enhancing prestige of their country … Read more

Renaissance literally means rebirth. It was the period of intellectual changes that occurred at end of medieval and beginning of modern ages.  The causes of renaissance are as follows: Military expeditions in Europe at the end of the 11th century to 13th century to recover holy land from Muslims led to Christians coming in contact … Read more

Q5.    Why reformation started in Germany?( 5marker) Ans:   Moral and economic exploitation of the church that was responsible for the beginning of reformation in Germany. The exploitation was too pronounced that the people were fed with the church. All sections of society were against the church. The invention of the printing Press by John … Read more

What is “ the institute of the Christian Religion”? ( 2marker) Ans:                The institute of the Religion was Published in 1536 by John Calvin. It is unquestionably one of the most important books on systematic theology ever written. In this book he rejected the doctrine of Sacraments and aimed at the establishment of a … Read more

Reformation and counter reformation had long lasting impact on the socio-political- economic mileu. It also is a start of the beginning of modern age. The major effects of reformation and Counter reformation are as follows: The religious division of Europe into a number of hostile camps was one of the effect of reformation. This resulted … Read more

The term Renaissance means rebirth. The period of Renaissance began from 14th century and lasted till 17th century. It began first in Italy because Trade had brought maximum prosperity to the Italian cities. It began as a movement to revisit the old scriptures and learn about ancient Greece and Rome. But soon it turned into … Read more