04-07-23 Daily-Gujarat-GPSC Current Affairs

In a major advantage, the government ofGujaratreceived pending Goods and Services Tax (GST) compensation cess worth Rs 9,021 crore from the Centre.

The compensation amount remained pending for over a year. According to data tabled in the state assembly, the Centre owed Gujarat a compensation worth Rs 9,136 crore as on March 31, 2023.
The Union Government owed Rs 23,332 crore to the Gujarat government for the period between January 2021 and December 2021. Similarly, the Centre owed Rs 7,068 crore to the for the period between January 2022 and June 2022, according to the response tabled in the state assembly.

Therefore, in the past two years, dues worth Rs 30,400 crore as compensation cess from the centre were yet to be cleared by the Centre. Against these dues, the state received Rs 3,364 crore in May last year and Rs 855 crore in November last year.

The Centre also provided a loan towards compensation worth Rs 17,045 crore to the state government, on condition that the Centre will pay the loan along with the interest from the Cess Fund.

When GST was rolled out, a provision was made in the act to compensate states for shortfall in revenue. According to the provisions under the GST Compensation Cess Act, the protected income of the states was determined for five years from July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2022.

This protected income was computed projecting a 14% Growth in GST collection per annum, considering the fiscal year 2015-16 as the Base Year.

Union Minister of Communications and Electronics & Information Technology, Ashwini Vaishnaw, announced the introduction of the Bharat 6G Alliance, a groundbreaking initiative aimed at launching the next-generation technology in India following the successful implementation of 5G.

The Bharat 6G Alliance brings together key stakeholders from the public and private sectors, as well as other departments, with a common objective of advancing telecommunications technology and fostering the development of 6G in the country.

In addition to the Bharat 6G Alliance, the government plans to introduce a new wave of telecom reforms in the upcoming weeks. The anticipated arrival of 6G is set to revolutionise Communication by providing speeds nearly 100 times faster than 5G, opening up exciting possibilities for the development of novel communication applications.

The Bharat 6G Alliance will serve as a platform for comprehensive discussions on various facets of emerging telecom technologies and platforms that will shape the next decade. It will facilitate collaboration, knowledge sharing, and strategic planning to ensure India remains at the forefront of technological advancements.

Over 90 million Indians live in households where spending onhealthcareaccounts for more than 10% of their total expenditure. Of these, 31 million live in families where the Health spend is more than a quarter of household expenditure. The proportion of households spending over 10% or 25% of their expenditure on healthcare has gone up between 2017-18 and 2022-23.

This was revealed in theSustainable Development Goals NationalIndicator Framework Progress Report 2023, released recently by thestatistics ministry. Catastrophic health expenditure is defined as health spending exceeding 10% of household consumption expenditure. The third of the United Nation’s Goals (SDG) is to provide universal health coverage (UHC) and to improve financial protection, thus preventing catastrophic spending.UHCincludes securing access to quality healthcare and safe, affordable medicines and Vaccines for everyone.

According to the progress report, the proportion of households where more than 10% of expenditure was on health went up from 4.5% to 6.7% while that of those spending over 25% on healthcare went up from 1.6% to 2.3%.

In 2022-23, the highest proportion of people spending more than 10% or 25% of household expenditure on health were in Kerala, 16% and 6% respectively, followed by Maharashtra where it was 9% and 3% respectively. Kerala also saw the biggest jump in this proportion between 2017-18 and 2022-23. Other states which saw a significant increase are Karnataka, Odisha and Telangana in that order.

According to the National Health Accounts 2019-20, out of pocket expenditure (OOPE) as a proportion of the total health expenditure (68%) was the second highest in Kerala, just below Uttar Pradeshwhere it was 72%. Uttar Pradesh is among the five states with the highest proportion of households spending more than 10% or 25% of their expenditure on health. However, in the case of Karnataka, though OOPE as a proportion of total health expenditure is the lowest among the bigger states (31.8%), the state is among those which have witnessed the highest increase in the proportion of households using more than 10% and 25% of the expenditure on healthcare.

In June 2021, the NITI Aayog estimated that at least 400 million people or about 30% of the Population did not have any financial protection for health, leading to high out-of-pocket expenditure and impoverishment. It also estimated that the actual uncovered population would be higher due to existing coverage gaps in PMJAY and overlaps between schemes.

In 2022, the health ministry had notified the inclusion of coronary stents in the National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM), 2022, to make the life-saving medical devices more affordable. Doctors say the inclusion of stents in NLEM will help reduce the cost of angioplasty a minimally invasive procedure to open up blocked arteries and thus make it more accessible.

Africa has become the second-largest recipient of credit from India as the country tries to catch up with China in expanding its influence in the resource-rich continent.

Forty-two African nations received about $32 billion or 38% of all credit extended by India in the last decade just a few Percentage points below its neighbors, Harsha Bangari, the managing director ofIndias Export Import Bank saidin an interview.

The bank is an instrument of Indias economic diplomacy, Bangari said, adding that the South Asian nation has also opened up 195 project-based lines of credit worth about $12 billion across Africa, three times the number it has in its own region in the last decade.